Kurapa Kupisa Kwemagiya Anoshandisa Carburizing: Kuvandudza Simba, Kugara Uye Kushanda

Mumasisitimu emazuva ano ekutumira simba, magiya anotarisirwa kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara ane torque yakakwira, kutenderera kunogara kuripo, mitoro inorema, kumhanya kunochinja-chinja, uye kushanda kwenguva refu. Simbi dzechinyakare dzesimbi, kunyangwe dziine kuoma kwemukati, dzinowanzo kwanisa kutsungirira kushandiswa kwakadai kusina kukuvara kwepamusoro, kupwanyika kwemazino, kukwesha, kupera, uye kuneta. Kuti vakunde matambudziko aya, kurapwa kwekupisa kunova danho rakakosha mukugadzira magiya, uye pakati penzira dzese,carburizinginoonekwa seimwe yenzira dzinoshanda zvikuru dzekuomesa pamusoro.

Carburizing (inonziwo case hardening) inzira yesimbi inopinza kabhoni pamusoro pesimbi pakupisa kwakanyanya. Mushure mekudzima, pamusoro payo inoshanduka kuita case yakasimba yemartensitic nepo pakati payo panoramba paine kusimba uye shock resistance. Musanganiswa uyu wakasimba kunze, wakasimba mukati Ndosaka magiya ane carburised achishandiswa zvakanyanya mukutakura zvinhu zvemotokari, magiya emaindasitiri, michina inorema, michina yekuchera migodhi, madhiraivha emuchadenga, uye marobhoti.

Chii chinonzi Carburizing?

Carburizing imhando yekupisa inoparadzirwa kuburikidza nekupararira kunoitwa patembiricha dziri pakati pe880°C - 950°C. Munguva yekuita izvi, magiya anodziiswa mumhepo ine kabhoni yakawanda. Maatomu ekabhoni anopararira achipinda pamusoro pesimbi, zvichiwedzera kabhoni yayo. Mushure mekunyikwa kwenguva inodiwa, magiya anodzimwa nekukurumidza kuti aumbe kabhoni yakaoma yemartensitic.

Kudzika kwekupinda kwekabhoni kunonzi kudzika kwekesi, uye kunogona kudzorwa nekuchinja kwekushisa, nguva yekubata, uye kugona kwekabhoni. Kazhinji, kudzika kwekesi inotarirwa kunobva pa0.8 mm kusvika 2.5 mm, zvichienderana nekushandiswa, saizi yegiya, uye mutoro unodiwa.

Sei Magiya Achida Carburizing?

Kuisa kaburisheni hakusi kungowedzera kuomarara chete; kunovandudza mashandiro emuviri zvakanyanya mumamiriro ekushanda chaiwo. Mabhenefiti makuru anosanganisira:

1. Kuramba Kupfeka Kwakanyanya
   Nzvimbo yakaoma inodzivirira kusakara, kupwanyika kwemakomba, kupararira kwemvura, uye kukuvara kwekuneta kwenzvimbo.

2. Kukwanisa Kutakura Mutoro Kwakakwirira
   Magiya ane kabhoni anogona kutakura zvinhu zvinorema uye kuendesa simba rakawanda pasina kuchinja.

3. Simba Rakavandudzwa reKukombama Kwemazino
   Ductile core inonyungudutsa kuvhunduka nekurovera, zvichideredza njodzi yekutyoka kwezino.

4. Hupenyu Hwekuneta Hwakanyanya
   Magiya ane kabhoni anogona kushanda kwemaawa makumi ezviuru mumamiriro ezvinhu anotenderera zvakanyanya.

5. Kuderedzwa Kwekukweshana & Kugadzira Kupisa
   Kubata mazino zvakanaka kunoita kuti zino ritapurirwe zvakanaka uye risingashandise simba rakawanda.

Nekuda kwezvibatsiro izvi, carburizing yave iri nzira yekurapa kupisa yemotamagiya, kunyanya emagiya ebhevel, magiya anotenderera, magiya anotenderera, magiya akasiyana, uye shaft dzekutumira.

Maitiro eCarburizing Danho nedanho

Maitiro akazara ekuisa carburing anosanganisira matanho akati wandei, rimwe nerimwe richikanganisa mashandiro ekupedzisira:

1. Kupisa Kusati Kwasvika Uye Kusimbisa

Magiya anodziiswa kusvika pakupisa kwe carburizing uko simbi inoshanduka kuita austenite. Chimiro ichi chinobvumira kabhoni kupararira zviri nyore.

2. Kupararira kweKabhoni uye Kuumbwa kweMakesi

Magiya acho anochengetwa munzvimbo ine kabhoni yakawanda (gasi, vacuum, kana solid carburizing agent). Maatomu ekabhoni anopararira mukati, oita bhokisi rakasimba mushure mekudzima.

3. Kudzima

Kutonhora nekukurumidza kunoshandura ganda rine kabhoni yakawanda kuita martensite—rakaoma zvikuru uye rinodzivirira kupera simba.

4. Kudzikamisa

Mushure mekudzima, kudziya kunodiwa kuderedza kuputsika, kuwedzera kusimba, uye kudzikamisa chimiro che microstructure.

5. Kugadzira/Kukuya Kwekupedzisira

Magiya anopiswa nekupisa anowanzo gadziriswa kana kukweshwa kuti awane geometry chaiyo yemazino, maitiro ekugunzva mazino akatsetseka, uye kudzora ruzha zvakanaka.

Mhando dzeCarburizing dzeMagiya

Matekinoroji akati wandei ekugadzirisa ma carburizing akagadzirwa, rimwe nerimwe riine zvakanakira zvakasiyana.

Pakati pavo,kuputira kabhoni ye vacuumiri kufarirwa zvakanyanya pakushandisa magiya akanyatsogadzirwa nekuda kwekupararira kwayo kwakafanana, kusakanganisa nharaunda, uye kusakanganiswa kwakawanda.

Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu zveCarburizing

Hadzisi dzese simbi dzinoshanda zvakanaka pakugadzira kabhoni. Zvinhu zvakanaka simbi dzine alloy shoma ine simba rekuomesa uye dzakasimba mukati.

Simbi dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira kaburisheni:

• 16MnCr5

• 20CrMnTi

• 8620 / 4320 Simbi

• 18CrNiMo7-6

• SCM415 / SCM420

Simbi idzi dzinobvumira kuomesa mabhokisi akadzika ukuwo dzichichengetedza simbi yakasimba uye ine ductile—yakanakira magiya anorema.

Zvinhu Zvinoita Kuti Magiya Ave Akanaka

Kuti basa ribudirire, zvinhu zvakakosha zvakawanda zvinofanira kudzorwa:

1. Kuwanda kwekabhoni pamusoro

2. Kudzika kwenyaya inoshanda (ECD)

3. Kuchengetedza nhanho yeaustenite

4. Kusagadzikana uye kugadzikana kwezvikamu

5. Kufanana kwekuoma (58–62 HRC pamusoro)

Maitiro ekugadzirisa magiya zvakanaka anoita kuti magiya ashande zvakanaka kwemakore pasina kugadziriswa kwakawanda.

Mashandisirwo eCarburised Gears

Carburizing inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri uko kuvimbika, kunyatsojeka, uye kutsungirira mutoro wakawanda zvakakosha:

• Mabhokisi emagiya emotokari & masisitimu ekusiyanisa

• Matakitara, migodhi uye michina inorema

• Magiya eRobhoti neotomatiki

• Magiya emagiya emhepo anotenderera mhepo

• Madhiraivha emuchadenga uye magiya eturbine

• Masisitimu ekufambisa ngarava

Chero magiya anofanirwa kutsungirira kuvhunduka, kumanikidzwa uye kushushikana kwenguva refu, carburizing ndiyo mhinduro inonyanya kuvimbwa nayo.

Kurapa kupisa kwekaburisheni kunoshandura magiya esimbi akajairwa kuita zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanyanya zvinokwanisa kugara munzvimbo dzinoda simba. Maitiro aya anosimbisa nzvimbo kubva pakusakara nekuneta uku achichengetedza mukati makasimba kuti usapindwe nemagetsi. Sezvo michina ichichinja kusvika pakuwanda kwesimba uye kushanda zvakanaka, magiya akapfuudzwa acharamba ari tekinoroji yakakosha muinjiniya yemazuva ano uye masisitimu ekutumira simba.