Gear machining process, kucheka ma paramita uye zvishandiso zvekushandisa kana giya rakanyanya kuoma kuti rishandurwe uye kushanda kwemuchina kunoda kuvandudzwa.

Gear ndicho chikuru chekufambisa chinhu muindasitiri yemotokari. Kazhinji, mota yega yega ine 18 ~ 30 mazino. Hunhu hwegiya hunokanganisa zvakananga ruzha, kugadzikana uye hupenyu hwesevhisi yemotokari. Gear processing machine tool yakaoma muchina chishandiso system uye yakakosha midziyo muindasitiri yemotokari. Masimba epasi rose ekugadzira mota akaita seUnited States, Germany neJapan masimba ekugadzira magiya ekugadzira muchina. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu, anopfuura makumi masere muzana emagiya emotokari muChina anogadziriswa nemidziyo yekugadzira magiya epamba. Panguva imwecheteyo, indasitiri yemotokari inoshandisa zvinopfuura makumi matanhatu muzana zvemagiya ekugadziridza maturusi emuchina, uye indasitiri yemotokari ichagara iri iyo muviri mukuru wekushandisa muchina.

Gear processing teknolojia

1. kukanda uye kugadzira pasina

Kupisa kufa forging kuchiri kushandiswa kwakavharika kukanda maitiro emotokari giya zvikamu. Mumakore achangopfuura, cross wedge rolling tekinoroji yakasimudzirwa zvakanyanya mu shaft machining. Iyi tekinoroji inonyanya kukodzera kugadzira mabheti kune yakaoma gonhi shafts. Iyo haingove nehupamhi hwepamusoro, diki inotevera machining mvumo, asi zvakare ine yakakwirira kugadzirwa kwekuita.

2. normalizing

Chinangwa cheichi chiitiko ndechekuwana kuomarara kwakakodzera kunotevera kucheka giya uye kugadzirira iyo microstructure yekupedzisira kupisa kurapwa, kuitira kuti zvinyatso kudzikisa kupisa kwekurapa deformation. Zvinhu zvegiya resimbi rinoshandiswa kazhinji 20CrMnTi. Nekuda kwesimba guru revashandi, midziyo uye zvakatipoteredza, kumhanya kutonhora uye kutonhora kufanana kweiyo workpiece kwakaoma kudzora, zvichikonzera kuomarara kwakakura uye kusaenzana kwemetallographic chimiro, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kucheka simbi uye yekupedzisira kupisa kurapwa, zvichikonzera hombe. uye zvisingaenzaniswi thermal deformation uye isingadzoreki chikamu chemhando. Saka, isothermal normalizing process inogamuchirwa. Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti isothermal normalizing inogona kunyatso shandura zvisingabatsiri zveyakajairwa, uye mhando yechigadzirwa yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika.

3. kutendeuka

Kuti usangane nezvinodiwa zvekumira zvepamusoro-chaizvo giya kugadzirisa, magiya mabheji ese anogadziriswa neCNC lathes, ayo anosungirirwa nemuchina pasina kudzorera chishandiso chekushandura. Kugadziriswa kwegomba dhayamita, kuguma kwechiso uye dhayamita rekunze kunopedzwa mukuwirirana pasi penguva imwe chete kusungirirwa, izvo zvisingangove nechokwadi chekumira kwezvinodiwa zvemukati megomba uye yekupedzisira kumeso, asi zvakare inova nechokwadi kudiki diki kupararira kwemazhinji magiya mabheji. Nekudaro, iko kurongeka kwegiya isina chinhu kunovandudzwa uye iwo machining mhando yeanotevera magiya anovimbiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, kushanda kwepamusoro kweNC lathe machining zvakare kunoderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwemidziyo uye ine hupfumi hwakanaka.

4. hobhi uye kugadzira giya

Zvakajairika giya hobbing michina uye magiya magadzirirwo achiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira giya. Kunyangwe zviri nyore kugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza, kugadzirwa kwakanaka kwakaderera. Kana huwandu hukuru hwakapedzwa, michina yakawanda inoda kugadzirwa panguva imwe chete. Nekuvandudza tekinoroji yekuputira, zviri nyore kwazvo kupfekedza mabhachi hobs uye plungers mushure mekugaya. Hupenyu hwesevhisi hwezvishandiso zvakavharwa hunogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya, kazhinji neanopfuura 90%, zvinonyatso kudzikisa huwandu hwekuchinja kwechishandiso uye nguva yekukuya, zvine mabhenefiti akakosha.

5. kuveura ndebvu

Radial giya rekuveura tekinoroji inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwemagiya emotokari yakawanda nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakanyanya uye nekuzadzikiswa kuri nyore kwezvinoda kugadziriswa zveyakagadzirwa zino mbiri uye kutungamira zino. Sezvo kambani yakatenga yakakosha radial giya yekuveura muchina wekambani yeItaly yekushandura tekinoroji muna 1995, yakakura mukushandiswa kweiyi tekinoroji, uye mhando yekugadzira yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika.

6. kupisa kurapwa

Magiya emotokari anoda carburizing uye kudzimwa kuti ave nechokwadi chavo chakanaka chemuchina. Yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika kupisa kupisa michina yakakosha kune zvigadzirwa izvo zvisisiri pasi pegiya rekukuya mushure mekupisa kurapwa. Iyo kambani yakaunza inoenderera mberi yekuviga uye kudzima mutsara wekugadzira weGerman Lloyd's, uyo wakawana zvinogutsa kurapa kupisa.

7. kugaya

Inonyanya kushandiswa kupedzisa kupisa-yakagadziriswa giya remukati gomba, kupera kwechiso, shaft yekunze dhayamita uye zvimwe zvikamu kuvandudza dhimensional kurongeka uye kuderedza kushivirira kwejometri.

Iyo giya yekugadzirisa inotora pitch denderedzwa gadziriso yekumisikidza uye kusungirira, iyo inogona kunyatso simbisa machining echokwadi chezino uye referensi yekumisikidza, uye kuwana kugutsikana kwemhando yechigadzirwa.

8. kupedza

Izvi ndezvekutarisa uye kuchenesa mabhomba uye maburrs pazvikamu zvegiya zvekutapurirana uye kutyaira axle pamberi pegungano, kuitira kubvisa ruzha uye ruzha rusina kujairika rwunokonzerwa navo mushure mekusangana. Teerera kune ruzha kuburikidza nekubatana kwevaviri kana tarisa kutsauswa pane yakazara tester. Zvikamu zvekutapurirana dzimba zvinogadzirwa nekambani yekugadzira zvinosanganisira clutch housing, transmission housing uye differential imba. Imba yeClutch uye imba yekufambisa zvinhu zvinotakura zvinhu, izvo zvinowanzo gadzirwa ne-die-casting aluminium alloy kuburikidza nekukandwa kwakakosha kufa. Chimiro chacho hachina kukwana uye chakaoma. Kuyerera kwese kurikugaya nzvimbo yakabatana → machining makomba makomba uye maburi ekubatanidza → rough inobhowa inobereka maburi → maburi anofinha anofinha uye kutsvaga maburi epini → kuchenesa → kuvuza bvunzo uye kuona.

Parameters uye zvinodiwa zvemagiya ekucheka maturusi

Magiya akaremara zvakanyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kudzima. Kunyanya kumagiya mahombe, iyo dimensional deformation ye carburized uye kudzimwa denderedzwa rekunze uye gomba remukati rinowanzo kuve rakakura. Nekudaro, pakutenderedza kwe carburized uye kudzimwa giya rekunze denderedzwa, pakange pasina chishandiso chakakodzera. Iyo bn-h20 chishandiso chakagadziridzwa ne "Valin superhard" yekutenderera kwakasimba kutendeuka kwesimbi yakadzimwa yakagadzirisa deformation ye carburized uye kudzimwa giya rekunze denderedzwa mukati megomba uye yekupedzisira kumeso, uye yakawana yakakodzera inopindirana yekucheka chishandiso, Yakagadzira budiriro yepasirese mu. munda wekucheka kwepakati nepamusoro-soro maturusi.

Gear carburizing uye kudzima deformation: giya carburizing uye kudzima deformation inonyanya kukonzerwa neyakasanganiswa chiitiko cheyasara yekushushikana inogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira, iyo yekupisa kushushikana uye kushushikana kwechimiro kunogadzirwa panguva yekupisa kwekupisa, uye kuzvidzora uremu deformation yeworkpiece. Kunyanya kune mhete dzegiya hombe uye magiya, mhete dzegiya hombe dzinowedzerawo deformation mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kudzima nekuda kwehombe yavo modulus, yakadzika carburizing layer, yakareba carburizing nguva uye huremu hwega. Deformation mutemo wegiya hombe giya: iyo dhayamita yekunze yedenderedzwa rekuwedzera inoratidza iri pachena dhizaini maitiro, asi munzira yezino hupamhi hwegiya shaft, yepakati yakaderedzwa, uye migumo miviri yakawedzera zvishoma. Deformation mutemo wegiya mhete: Mushure meCarburizing uye kudzima, iyo dhayamita yekunze yegiya guru regiya rinozvimba. Kana hupamhi hwezino hwakasiyana, kutungamira kwehupamhi hwezino kuchava conical kana chiuno chigubhu.

Gear kutendeuka mushure mekuvhima uye kudzima: iyo carburizing uye kudzima deformation yegiya mhete inogona kudzorwa uye kuderedzwa kusvika padanho rakati, asi haigone kudzivirirwa zvachose Kugadzirisa deformation mushure mekuvhima uye kudzima, inotevera ihurukuro pfupi pamusoro pekugoneka. yekushandura nekucheka maturusi mushure mekuviga uye kudzima.

Kushandura denderedzwa rekunze, gomba remukati uye kuguma kwechiso mushure mekuvhara uye kudzima: kutendeuka ndiyo nzira iri nyore yekugadzirisa deformation yekunze denderedzwa uye mukati mukati meiyo carburized uye kudzimwa mhete giya. Kare, chero chishandiso, kusanganisira ekunze superhard maturusi, hazvaigona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekucheka kwakasimba kucheka denderedzwa rekunze regiya rakadzimwa. Valin superhard akakokwa kuti aite tsvakiridzo yezvishandiso nekusimudzira, "Kucheka nepakati kwesimbi yakaoma ragara riri dambudziko rakaoma, tisingarevi simbi yakaomeswa ingangoita HRC60, uye deformation mvumo yakakura. Kana uchitenderedza simbi yakaomeswa nekumhanya kukuru, kana iyo workpiece iine kucheka kwepakati, chishandiso chinopedza machining neanopfuura zana anovhundutsa paminiti pakucheka simbi yakaoma, inova dambudziko guru pakuramba kwechishandiso. " Nyanzvi dzeChinese knife Association dzinodaro. Mushure megore rekudzokororwa bvunzo, Valin superhard akaunza mhando yemhando yepamusoro yekucheka chishandiso cheKushandura Simbi Yakaomeswa nekusaenderera kwakasimba; Kuedza kutendeuka kunoitwa pane giya rekunze denderedzwa mushure mekuviga uye kudzima.

Edza kushandura cylindrical giya mushure mekuviga uye kudzima

Giya hombe (giya remhete) rakaremara zvakakomba mushure mekuviga uye kudzima. Iyo deformation yekunze denderedzwa regiya regiya regiya rakasvika kusvika 2mm, uye kuoma mushure mekudzima kwaive hrc60-65. Panguva iyoyo, zvainge zvakaoma kuti mutengi awane grinder yakakura yedhayamita, uye mvumo yekugadzira machining yakanga yakakura, uye kushanda kwekukuya kwaive kwakaderera. Pakupedzisira, giya remoto uye rakadzimwa rakashandurwa.

Kucheka mutsara kumhanya: 50-70m/min, kucheka kudzika: 1.5-2mm, kucheka kureba: 0.15-0.2mm/ Revolution (yakagadziriswa zvinoenderana nekukasharara zvinodiwa)

Paunenge uchitenderedza iyo yakadzimwa gear excircle, machining anopedzwa panguva imwe chete. Iyo yekutanga yakaunzwa kunze ceramic chishandiso inogona kungogadziriswa kakawanda kuti icheke deformation. Uyezve, kudonha kwemupendero kwakakomba, uye mutengo wekushandisa wechishandiso wakakwira zvakanyanya.

Chishandiso chebvunzo mhinduro: inopikisa zvakanyanya kupfuura yekutanga yakaunzwa kunze kwenyika silicon nitride ceramic chishandiso, uye hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi kakapetwa ka6 iyo yesilicon nitride ceramic chishandiso kana kudzika kwekucheka kuchiwedzerwa katatu! Kubudirira kwekucheka kunowedzera ne3 nguva (yaimbova katatu yekucheka, asi ikozvino inopedzwa nenguva imwe chete). Iyo yekumusoro roughness yeworkpiece inosanganawo nezvinodiwa nemushandisi. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti iyo yekupedzisira yekutadza fomu yechishandiso haisi iyo inoshungurudza yakatyoka mupendero, asi yakajairwa kumashure kumeso kupfeka. Uku kutenderedza kwakadzima giya kuyedza kwakaputsa ngano yekuti maturusi akaomarara muindastiri haagone kushandiswa kune yakasimba inotenderedza simbi yakaoma! Izvo zvakonzera kunzwa kukuru muzvidzidzo zvematurusi ekucheka!

Kupedzwa kwepamusoro kwegomba remukati regiya rakaomarara mushure mekudzima

Kutora kucheka kwepakati kwegiya mukati megomba nemafuta groove semuenzaniso: hupenyu hwesevhisi yemuyedzo yekucheka chishandiso inosvika kupfuura 8000 metres, uye kupera kuri mukati meRa0.8; Kana iyo superhard tool ine polishing edge ikashandiswa, the turning finish yesimbi yakaomeswa inogona kusvika paRa0.4. Uye hupenyu hwakanaka hwematurusi hunogona kuwanikwa

Machina ekupedzisira kumeso kwegiya mushure mekuviga uye kudzima

Seyakajairwa kushandiswa kwe "kutendeuka pachinzvimbo chekukuya", cubic boron nitride blade yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira maitiro ekutenderera kwakaoma kwegiya kupera kwechiso mushure mekupisa. Kuenzaniswa nekukuya, kutendeuka kwakaoma kunovandudza zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka.

Kune carburized uye kudzimwa magiya, zvinodikanwa zvekucheka zvakakwirira kwazvo. Chekutanga, kucheka kwepakati kunoda kuomarara kwakanyanya, kukanganisa kupikisa, kuomarara, kupfeka kuramba, kushata kwepamusoro uye zvimwe zvinhu zvechishandiso.

muchidimbu

Zvekutendeuka mushure mekuviga uye kudzima uye nekupedzisira kutendeuka kwechiso, akajairwa akaiswa musanganiswa cubic boron nitride maturusi ave akakurumbira. Nekudaro, kune iyo dimensional deformation yekunze denderedzwa uye mukati megomba re carburized uye kudzima hombe giya mhete, inogara iri dambudziko rakaoma kudzima deformation nehuwandu hukuru. Iko kutendeuka kwepakati kwesimbi yakadzimwa neValin superhard bn-h20 cubic boron nitride chishandiso kufambira mberi kukuru muindasitiri yezvishandiso, izvo zvinobatsira mukusimudzirwa kwakafara kwe "kutendeuka panzvimbo yekukuya" muindasitiri yegiya, uye zvakare inowana iyo mhinduro kudambudziko reakaomeswa giya cylindrical kushandura maturusi ayo ave achinetseka kwemakore mazhinji. Izvo zvakare zvakakosha zvikuru kupfupisa kutenderera kwekugadzira kwegiya mhete uye kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira; Bn-h20 akatevedzana akacheka anozivikanwa seyepasirese modhi yeakasimba inopindirana inotenderedza yakadzimwa simbi muindasitiri.