Maitiro ekugadzira magiya, maparamita ekucheka uye zvinodiwa zvechishandiso kana giya rakaoma zvakanyanya kuti ritenderedzwe uye mashandiro ekugadzira magiya achifanira kuvandudzwa

Giya ndiro chinhu chikuru chinotapurirana muindasitiri yemotokari. Kazhinji, mota yega yega ine mazino 18-30. Hunhu hwegiya hunokanganisa zvakananga ruzha, kugadzikana uye hupenyu hwebasa remotokari. Chishandiso chemuchina wekugadzirisa magiya sisitimu yakaoma yematurusi emuchina uye chishandiso chakakosha muindasitiri yemotokari. Masimba epasi rose ekugadzira mota akadai seUnited States, Germany neJapan ndiwowo masimba ekugadzira maturusi emuchina wekugadzirisa magiya. Zvichienderana nehuwandu, anopfuura 80% emagiya emotokari muChina anogadziriswa nemidziyo yekugadzira magiya emumba. Panguva imwe chete, indasitiri yemotokari inoshandisa anopfuura 60% yematurusi emuchina wekugadzirisa magiya, uye indasitiri yemotokari inogara iri iyo inonyanya kushandisa maturusi emuchina.

Tekinoroji yekugadzirisa magiya

1. Kukanda nekugadzira zvinhu zvisina chinhu

Kugadzira madhiraivha anopisa kuchiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira magiya emotokari. Mumakore achangopfuura, tekinoroji yekukanda madhiraivha yakasimudzirwa zvakanyanya mukugadzira madhiraivha emugodhi. Iyi tekinoroji yakakodzera kugadzira mabhiriji emadhiraivha emugodhi akaomarara. Haingori chete nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, hudiki hwekushandisa madhiraivha, asiwo ine simba guru rekugadzira.

2. kugadzirisa zvinhu

Chinangwa cheiyi nzira ndechekuwana kuomarara kwakakodzera kucheka magiya anotevera uye kugadzirira microstructure yekupisa kwakanyanya, kuitira kuti kuderedza zvinobudirira kuchinja kwekupisa. Zvinhu zvesimbi yegiya zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzova 20CrMnTi. Nekuda kwesimba guru revashandi, zvishandiso nenzvimbo, kumhanya kwekutonhodza uye kufanana kwekutonhodza kwechinhu chebasa zvakaoma kudzora, zvichikonzera kupararira kukuru kwekuoma uye chimiro chisina kuenzana chemetallographic, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kucheka kwesimbi uye kupisa kwakanyanya, zvichikonzera kushanduka kukuru uye kusina kurongeka kwekupisa uye kunaka kwechikamu chisingadzoreki. Naizvozvo, maitiro ekugadzirisa kweisothermal anoshandiswa. Maitiro akaratidza kuti kururamisa kweisothermal kunogona kushandura zvinobudirira kuipa kwekugadzirisa kwakajairika, uye mhando yechigadzirwa yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika.

3. kutendeuka

Kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa magiya zvakanyatsonaka, maburi egiya anogadziriswa neCNC lathes, ayo anosungirirwa nehunyanzvi pasina kukuyazve chishandiso chekutenderedza. Kugadziriswa kwedhayamita yegomba, kumeso kwekupedzisira uye dhayamita yekunze kunopedzwa panguva imwe chete pasi pekubatanidza kamwe chete, izvo hazvingovimbisi chete zvinodiwa zvegomba remukati nekumusoro, asiwo zvinovimbisa kupararira kwemaburi madiki egiya. Saka, kururama kwebhuru regiya kunovandudzwa uye mhando yekugadzira magiya anotevera inovimbiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, kushanda zvakanaka kweNC lathe machining kunoderedzawo huwandu hwemidziyo uye kune hupfumi hwakanaka.

4. kugadzira magiya ekugezera (hobbing) uye kugadzira magiya

Michina yekuisa magiya nemagiya ekugadzirisa magiya ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzirisa magiya. Kunyangwe zviri nyore kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira kwakaderera. Kana huwandu hwakawanda hwapera, michina yakawanda inofanira kugadzirwa panguva imwe chete. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekuputira, zviri nyore kwazvo kuputira magiya nemaplungers mushure mekukuya. Hupenyu hwebasa rezvishandiso zvakaputirwa hunogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya, kazhinji neanopfuura 90%, zvichideredza huwandu hwekuchinja kwezvishandiso nenguva yekukuya, nekubatsira kukuru.

5. kuveura ndebvu

Tekinoroji yekugera magiya emagetsi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira magiya emotokari akawanda nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakanyanya uye nyore nyore kugadzirisa zvinodiwa zveprofile yemazino akagadzirwa uye kutungamira kwezino. Kubva kambani iyi yatenga muchina wekugera magiya emagetsi wekambani yeItaly wekushandura tekinoroji muna 1995, yagara ichishandiswa tekinoroji iyi, uye mhando yekugadzirisa yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika.

6. kurapwa nekupisa

Magiya emota anoda kuisirwa carburing nekudzima kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ane hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika. Midziyo yekurapa kupisa yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika yakakosha kune zvigadzirwa zvisingachagayiwe magiya mushure mekupisa. Kambani iyi yakaunza mhando yekugadzira carburing nekudzima inoenderera mberi yeGerman Lloyd's, iyo yakawana mhedzisiro inogutsa yekurapa kupisa.

7. kukuya

Inonyanya kushandiswa kupedzisa gomba remukati regiya rakagadziriswa kupisa, kumeso kwekupedzisira, dhayamita rekunze remubato nezvimwe zvikamu kuti zvivandudze kururama kwehukuru uye kuderedza kushivirira kwejometri.

Kugadziriswa kwegiya kunoshandisa pitch circle fixture yekugadzika uye yekusunga, izvo zvinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zino rakarurama uye reference yekuisa, uye kuwana mhando yechigadzirwa chakagutsikana.

8. kupedzisa

Izvi ndezvekutarisa nekuchenesa mabumps nemaburrs pazvikamu zvegiya regiya remagetsi nedhiraivha usati waungana, kuitira kuti ubvise ruzha neruzha rusina kujairika rwunokonzerwa nazvo mushure mekuungana. Teerera ruzha kuburikidza nekubatana kwepair imwe chete kana kuona kutsauka kwekubatana pa comprehensive tester. Zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinogadzirwa nekambani yekugadzira zvinosanganisira clutch housing, transmission housing uye differential housing. Clutch housing uye transmission housing zvikamu zvinotakura mutoro, izvo zvinowanzogadzirwa ne die-casting alloy yealuminium kuburikidza ne special die casting. Chimiro chacho hachina kurongeka uye chakaoma. Kuyerera kwemaitiro ese kunosanganisira kugaya pamusoro pejoint surface → machining process holes uye connecting holes → rough boring bearing holes → fine boring bearing holes uye locating pin holes → cleaning → leaked test and detection.

Zvimiro uye zvinodiwa zvezvishandiso zvekucheka magiya

Magiya anokanganisika zvakanyanya mushure mekuiswa mu carburing nekudzima. Kunyanya kumagiya makuru, kushanduka kwedenderedzwa rekunze rakakangwa nerakadzimwa uye gomba remukati kunowanzova kwakakura kwazvo. Zvisinei, pakutenderedza denderedzwa rekunze re carburing nerakadzimwa, hapana chishandiso chakakodzera. Chishandiso che bn-h20 chakagadzirwa ne "Valin superhard" chekushandura simbi yakasimba pakati nepakati yakadzima chakagadzirisa kushanduka kwedenderedzwa rekunze re carburing nerakadzimwa uye gomba remukati nepamucheto, uye chakawana chishandiso chakakodzera chekucheka pakati nepakati, chakabudirira pasi rose mumunda wekucheka pakati nepakati nemidziyo yakasimba.

Kuchinja-chinja kwegear carburing uye kudzimwa kwegear: Kuchinja-chinja kwegear carburing uye kudzimwa kwegear kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekushanda pamwe chete kwekushushikana kwasara kunokonzerwa panguva yekugadzirwa, kushushikana kwekupisa uye kushushikana kwechimiro kunokonzerwa panguva yekupisa, uye kudzimwa kwehuremu hwebasa. Kunyanya kune mhete dzegiya hombe nemagiya, mhete dzegiya hombe dzichawedzerawo kuchinjika mushure mekudzimwa kwegear nekuda kwemodulus yavo hombe, layer yakadzika yekudzimwa kwegear, nguva refu yekudzimwa kwegear uye kurema kwayo. Mutemo wekuchinja kwegear shaft hombe: dhayamita yekunze yedenderedzwa rekuwedzera inoratidza maitiro ari pachena ekudzikama, asi munzira yehupamhi hwezino hwegear shaft, pakati payo pakaderera, uye magumo maviri anowedzerwa zvishoma. Mutemo wekuchinja kwegear ring: Mushure mekuchinja-chinja nekudzimwa, dhayamita yekunze yegear ring hombe inozvimba. Kana upamhi hwezino hwakasiyana, divi rehupamhi hwezino richava conical kana chiuno drum.

Kutenderedza magiya mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing: kutenderedza nekuisa carburing nekuisa rima kweringi yegiya kunogona kudzorwa nekuderedzwa kusvika pamwero wakati, asi hazvigone kudzivirirwa zvachose. Kuti tigadzirise kutenderedza nekuisa carburing nekuisa carburing, zvinotevera ihurukuro pfupi pamusoro pekuti zvinokwanisika here kutenderedza nekucheka maturusi mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing nekuisa carburing.

Kutenderedza denderedzwa rekunze, gomba remukati uye kumeso kwekupedzisira mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing: kutenderedza ndiyo nzira iri nyore yekugadzirisa kuchinjika kwedenderedzwa rekunze negomba remukati regiya remhete rakakangwa uye rakadzimwa. Kare, chero chishandiso, kusanganisira maturusi ekunze akaomarara, aisagona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekucheka denderedzwa rekunze regiya rakadzimwa zvakasimba. Valin superhard akakokwa kuti aite tsvakiridzo yezvigadzirwa nekugadzira, "Kucheka simbi yakaoma nguva nenguva kwagara kuri dambudziko rakaoma, tisingatauri nezvesimbi yakaoma inosvika HRC60, uye mukana wekuchinja wakakura. Pakutenderedza simbi yakaoma nekukurumidza, kana workpiece iine kucheka kwenguva pfupi, chishandiso chinopedzisa kugadzira nekurova kunopfuura zana paminiti pakucheka simbi yakaoma, izvo zvinova dambudziko guru pakudzivirira kwesimba remudziyo." Nyanzvi dzeChinese knife Association dzinodaro. Mushure megore rekuyedza kwakadzokororwa, Valin superhard yakaunza rudzi rwechishandiso chekucheka chakasimba cheTurning Hardened Steel nekusaenderera mberi kwakasimba; Kuedza kwekutenderedza kunoitwa padenderedzwa rekunze regiya mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing.

Kuedza kutenderedza giya re cylindrical mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing

Giya guru (giya reringi) rakakanganisika zvakanyanya mushure mekuiswa kabhoni nekudzimwa. Kushanduka kwedenderedzwa rekunze kwegiya reringi reringi kwakasvika 2mm, uye kuomarara mushure mekudzima kwaive hrc60-65. Panguva iyoyo, zvaive zvakaoma kuti mutengi awane grinder hombe ine dhayamita, uye muripo wekugadzira waive wakakura, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekukuya kwaive kwakaderera. Pakupedzisira, giya rakaiswa kabhoni nekudzimwa rakatenderedzwa.

Kumhanya kwekucheka kwakatwasuka: 50–70m/min, kudzika kwekucheka: 1.5–2mm, kureba kwekucheka: 0.15-0.2mm/ Revolution (yakagadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekuomarara)

Kana uchitenderedza giya rakadzimwa, machining anopedzwa panguva imwe chete. Chishandiso chepakutanga checeramic chinopinzwa kunze chinogona kugadziriswa kakawanda chete kuti chibvise deformation. Uyezve, kudonha kwemucheto kwakakomba, uye mutengo wekushandisa chishandiso wakakwira zvikuru.

Mhedzisiro yekuedzwa kwezvishandiso: Chinodzivirira kukuvadzwa kupfuura chishandiso chepakutanga chesilicon nitride ceramic chakaunzwa kunze kwenyika, uye hupenyu hwacho hwekushanda hwakapetwa katanhatu pane chishandiso chesilicon nitride ceramic kana kudzika kwekucheka kwawedzerwa katatu! Kushanda zvakanaka kwekucheka kwakawedzerwa ka3 (kwaimbova katatu kwekucheka, asi ikozvino kwapera kamwe chete). Kuomarara kwechinhu chebasa kunosanganawo nezvinodiwa nemushandisi. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti chimiro chekupedzisira chekukundikana kwechishandiso hachisi chekutyoka kunonetsa, asi kupfeka kwechiso chekumashure kwakajairika. Kuedza uku kweintermittent turning quenched gear excircle kwakaputsa ngano yekuti zvishandiso zvakaoma muindasitiri hazvigone kushandiswa pasimbi yakasimba inotenderedza simbi yakaoma! Zvakakonzera kushamisika kukuru mumatunhu ezvidzidzo zvezvishandiso zvekucheka!

Kupera kwegomba remukati regiya rakaoma kutenderera mushure mekudzima

Semuenzaniso, tichitora kucheka kwegomba remukati regiya negorova remafuta: hupenyu hwebasa hwechishandiso chekucheka chekuedza hunosvika mamita anopfuura 8000, uye kupedzisa kuri mukati meRa0.8; Kana chishandiso chakasimba chine mupendero wekupolisha chikashandiswa, kupedzisa kwesimbi yakaoma kunogona kusvika paRa0.4. Uye hupenyu hwakanaka hwechishandiso hunogona kuwanikwa.

Kugadzira machine yegumbo rekupedzisira mushure mekudzima nekuisa carburing

Sekushandiswa kwakajairika kwe "kutenderedza panzvimbo pekukuya", cubic boron nitride blade yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira kutenderedza kwakasimba kwegiya mushure mekupisa. Kana tichienzanisa nekukuya, kutenderedza kwakasimba kunovandudza zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwebasa.

Pamagiya ane kabhoni uye akadzima, zvinodiwa zvevacheki zvakakwira zvikuru. Chekutanga, kucheka nguva nenguva kunoda kuomarara kwakanyanya, kuramba kubatwa, kusimba, kuramba kupfeka, kuomarara pamusoro uye zvimwe zvinhu zvechishandiso.

pfupiso:

Pakutendeuka mushure mekudzima moto nekudzimisa moto uye pakutenderedza mativi ekupedzisira, zvishandiso zve cubic boron nitride zvakasungirirwa zvakafarirwa. Zvisinei, pakuchinja kwedenderedzwa rekunze neburi remukati regiya guru rakakamurwa nekudzimwa, dambudziko rinogara riri rakaoma kudzima kuchinja kwacho nehuwandu hwakawanda. Kutenderera kwesimbi yakakamurwa neValin superhard bn-h20 cubic boron nitride chishandiso kufambira mberi kukuru muindasitiri yezvishandiso, izvo zvinobatsira mukusimudzira kukuru kwemaitiro e "kutendeuka panzvimbo pekukuya" muindasitiri yezvishandiso, uye zvakare kuwana mhinduro kudambudziko rezvishandiso zve cylindrical zvegiya zvakaoma zvave zvichinetsa kwemakore mazhinji. Zvakakoshawo kupfupisa kutenderera kwekugadzira kwegiya uye kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira; Bn-h20 series cutters inozivikanwa senzira yepasi rose yesimbi yakasimba yakakamurwa muindasitiri.